CO2 Emissions and Their Relationship with Population andForest Loss in Peru, 1990-2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57188/rieca.2026.005Palabras clave:
Economic growth; forest loss; global warming; greenhouse effect; population.Resumen
The general objective of this research is to determine the relationship between population and forest loss with CO2 emissions in Peru during the period 1990-2023. Empirical evidence shows that economic growth and technology have a significant relationship with toxic gas emissions worldwide; this effect is compounded by population growth, indiscriminate deforestation, and industrialization. The methodology used corresponds to a quantitative, non-experimental, longitudinal trend study supported by the Kaya Identity model. An ARDL econometric model, the bounds test, the error correction model, and the Granger causality test were applied to determine the degree of relationship, causality, and long-run cointegration among the variables. The results show that the variables cointegrate in the long run at an annual adjustment speed of 72%. In addition, the population and forest-loss variables show positive impacts of 13.5% and 0.108%, respectively. Therefore, the study concludes that CO2 emissions in Peru are directly related to population and forest loss.
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