Producción y caracterización de carbones activados a partir de residuos agroindustriales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17268/manglar.2013.003Resumen
Diferentes carbones activados fueron obtenidos de residuos agroindustriales de los departamentos de Piura y Tumbes (Perú): cáscara de la vaina de Theobroma cacao, parte externa e interna de la semilla de Manguifera indica y cáscara de Coffea arabica. Los materiales tamizados a tamaños de 0,5 – 1 mm fueron activados químicamente con ZnCl2 y carbonizados en atmosfera de nitrógeno por 2 horas a 600 °C. Los carbones activados fueron caracterizados como rendimiento (%), análisis elemental (%), área superficial de BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, SBET) en m2/g, área superficial en la región microporasa en m2/g y área superficial en la región mesoporosa en m2/g. Se aplicaron también análisis de microscopia y test de adsorción de azul de metileno. Se obtuvieron carbones con alta área superficial de BET de entre 892 y 1180 m2/g, y predominante área superficial en la región microporosa. Basados en imágenes de microscopia electrónica, los carbones activados presentan una estructura porosa bien desarrollada, con distintos poros de múltiples formas y tamaño. Todas las muestras de carbones activados analizados, presentaron capacidad de remoción de azul de metileno, llegando a remociones de casi el 100 %. Adicionalmente el tipo de interacción entre el azul de metileno y el carbón activado es de naturaleza química al ajustarse los valores de remoción a un modelo de cinética de pseudo-segundo orden.
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Autor para correspondencia: gcruzc@untumbes.edu.pe (Gerardo Cruz Cerro)
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