Presencia natural de Metarhizium en suelos agrícolas de aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) en Colima, México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57188/manglar.2023.008Resumo
El aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) se ha convertido en uno de los frutos más importantes en el mundo, donde México es el principal productor y exportador a nivel mundial, esto ha provocado un acelerado crecimiento en el establecimiento de plantaciones de monocultivo de aguacate, favoreciendo el incremento de plagas de insectos y ácaros, lo que ha dirigido la búsqueda de estrategias de control biológico para un manejo integrado de plagas. El objetivo de este estudio fue aislar hongos entomopatógenos del suelo, e identificar mediante el factor de elongación de la traducción 1-α (5’TEF), las especies presentes en un huerto convencional de aguacate. Durante el muestreo se obtuvo un total de 34 aislados, pertenecientes al género Metarhizium, 23 aislados identificados como Metarhizium robertsii y 11 como Metarhizium guizhouense. Estos resultados muestran la escasa diversidad de especies de hongos entomopatógenos asociados a la rizosfera del cultivo del aguacate, y sugieren que, su presencia podría estar asociada a su capacidad para resistir las prácticas agronómicas, las cuales inducen su actividad endófita. Es necesario comprender el papel que desempeña Metarhizium en la rizosfera, esto permitirá desarrollar programas de control biológico específicos para cada cultivo, y así garantizar su éxito en el control de plagas.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 José C. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Miguel A. Ayala-Zermeño, Cecilia Neri-Luna, Beatriz Rodríguez-Vélez, Adrien Gallou, José P. Castruita-Domínguez
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
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