TRANSPORT OF FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES IN THE INTESTINE: PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS AND ASSOCIATED DISEASES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57188/ricsa.2025.027Keywords:
Intestinal transport, electrolytes, secretory diarrhea, Crohn's disease, short bowel syndrome, intestinal absorption, digestive physiologyAbstract
Intestinal fluid and electrolyte transport is a fundamental physiological process that ensures body homeostasis, allowing for the efficient absorption of water, nutrients, and minerals. This mechanism depends on specific transporters and channels, such as SGLT1, NHE3, DRA, ENaC, and CFTR, regulated by neurohormonal and local factors. Its alteration, caused by infections, genetic mutations, inflammation, or intestinal resections, leads to various diseases such as secretory diarrhea, Crohn's disease, and short bowel syndrome. The article reviews the physiological principles, neuroendocrine regulation, and cellular mechanisms involved, as well as intestinal adaptations to damage. The clinical implications of these dysfunctions for medical practice are also addressed, highlighting the value of understanding these processes for the therapeutic management of affected patients.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Jose Manuel Javier Alcantara, Cesar Hoyos Cabrera, Luis Iraita Cabero, Jesus Medina Mendoza, Pedro Medina Panta
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