Degradación del poliestireno por insectos y microorganismos asociados: Análisis bibliométrico y una revisión narrativa de las técnicas utilizadas en la caracterización
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57188/manglar.2024.039Resumen
El poliestireno, conocido por su resistencia a la degradación, constituye una fuente importante de contaminación ambiental. Sin embargo, se ha descubierto que ciertos insectos y microorganismos asociados lo degradan, utilizando este material como fuente de carbono y energía. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta revisión es evaluar críticamente las técnicas de caracterización utilizadas para analizar la biodegradación del poliestireno por insectos y microorganismos asociados. Se busca identificar las fortalezas y limitaciones de estas técnicas, así como su contribución al conocimiento de la degradación del poliestireno en un contexto ambiental. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico y una revisión sistemática basada en el método PRISMA, analizando 100 artículos de la base de datos Scopus y 83 de la Web of Science entre 2015 y 2023. El método estadístico aplicado a los metadatos fue bibliométrico con aspectos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Los resultados demostraron que las técnicas de caracterización aplicadas, como la microscopía de barrido electrónico, mostraron la formación de biopelículas microbianas en la superficie y cavidades del poliestireno biodegradado. Así mismo, la cromatografía de permeación en gel indicó cambios en la morfología del poliestireno biodegradado. Finalmente, la espectroscopía infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FTIR) y la resonancia magnética nuclear de protones (H-NMR) demostraron signos de oxidación, despolimerización e incorporación de oxígeno a la cadena de hidrocarburos del poliestireno debido al proceso de degradación. Estos resultados enfatizan la efectividad de las técnicas de caracterización para detectar y describir cambios significativos en el poliestireno durante su biodegradación. Su comprensión es crucial para futuras investigaciones y la evaluación del impacto ecológico de la degradación del poliestireno por organismos biodegradadores.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Carmen Carreño-Farfán, Marilín Sánchez Purihuaman, Teresa Oriele Barrios-Mendoza, Isis Cristel Córdova-Barrios, Segundo Vásquez Llanos, Pedro Córdova-Mendoza, Ada Patricia Barturén Quispe
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Manglar is an open access journal distributed under the terms and conditions of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
