Tasas de respiración de variedades de Vaccinium corymbosum L. y tecnologías postcosecha: Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57188/manglar.2025.052Palabras clave:
Tasas respiratorias, Vaccinium corymbosum L., Variedades de arándanos, Postcosecha, tecnologías postcosechaResumen
Conocer las tasas de respiración en arándanos es fundamental porque determinan la velocidad del metabolismo, la vida postcosecha y la susceptibilidad al deterioro, influyendo directamente en firmeza, pérdidas fisiológicas y desarrollo de patógenos. El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo compilar las tasas de respiración de variedades de Vaccinium corymbosum L., identificar los factores abióticos que las modifican y describir las principales tecnologías postcosecha relacionadas. Se aplicó la metodología PRISMA 2020, obteniéndose 86 artículos científicos publicados entre 2020 y 2025 que cuantificaron tasas respiratorias y evaluaron tecnologías como atmósferas modificadas, ozono, quitosano y radiación UV-C. Los resultados mostraron que las variedades analizadas presentan tasas entre 4,1 y 77 mg CO₂ kg⁻¹ h⁻¹, determinadas principalmente por la temperatura y el genotipo. Las tecnologías evaluadas demostraron eficacia directa o indirecta para disminuir la tasa respiratoria, ya sea reduciendo o inhibiendo Botrytis cinerea, manteniendo la firmeza o incrementando antocianinas y fenoles totales. Se concluye que humedades relativas de 90% – 95%, concentraciones de CO₂ inferiores al 20% y O₂ por debajo del 10% son factores determinantes que condicionan la tasa de respiración, la vida postcosecha y la calidad final del fruto.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Luis Armando Pasco Sánchez, Janet Gonzales Valdivia
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Manglar is an open access journal distributed under the terms and conditions of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
