Aislamiento y caracterización molecular de Halomonas degradadores de cianuro provenientes de efluentes mineros en el Perú
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17268/manglar.2020.049Resumen
Los efluentes cianurados de minerías es un problema ambiental, que viene siendo tratado por métodos físicos o químicos, sin embargo, estos procesos no son sostenibles para el medio ambiente. Por ello, una de las alternativas es la aplicación de tratamientos biológicos por microorganismos autóctonos. Se aislaron dos cultivos microbianos tolerantes hasta 800 ppm NaCN del género de Halomonas sp denominados JM1 y JM3. Se caracterizaron su fisiología por pruebas bioquímicas, y molecular mediante secuenciación del gen 16S ARNr. Se evaluó su capacidad biodegradativa de 150 ppm de cianuro libre (CN-) de un efluente cianurado por 7 días en medio mínimo de sales 9M de pH 10,67 en condiciones de agitación de 130 rpm a 23 °C. Se encontró que JM1 y JM3 mostraron un porcentaje de biodegradación del CN- de 24,732% ± 1,210 y 33,996% ± 1,335, respectivamente. Esto les convierte buenos candidatos para el tratamiento biológico de residuos contaminados con cianuro como alternativa a las técnicas convencionales en el Perú.
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