El desarrollo de leguminosas de cobertura por hongos micorrízicos arbusculares depende del grado de especificidad de los simbiontes
Abstract
Los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares se asocian a las leguminosas para mejorar la fijación de nitrógeno y la absorción de nutrientes, promoviendo así el crecimiento vegetal y reduciendo el uso de fertilizantes. Este estudio buscó medir el grado de especificidad y dependencia de leguminosas de cobertura inoculadas con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares provenientes de suelos degradados, con pH ácido y baja fertilidad del sector de Alto Cumbaza, San Martín, Perú. Se evaluaron cuatro especies (Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea y Vigna unguiculata) con tres tipos de hongos (Acaulospora rugosa, Acaulospora sp. y Ambispora appendicula) en un diseño completamente aleatorizado con tres repeticiones. Canavalia ensiformis inoculada con Acaulospora rugosa alcanzó mayor altura (271,67 cm), mientras que Crotalaria juncea con Acaulospora sp. mostró mayor biomasa aérea (27,52 g). Vigna unguiculata con Acaulospora rugosa presentó alta colonización (71,48%) y dependencia micorrízica (54,40%), y Cajanus cajan con Ambispora appendicula mostró alto contenido de fósforo (5,01%). Estas interacciones variaron significativamente, evidenciando la especificidad y dependencia de las asociaciones. Estos hallazgos son importantes para el establecimiento de programas de recuperación de suelos degradados con leguminosas de cobertura inoculadas con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares.
Downloads
References
Adeyemi, N. O., Atayese, M. O., Sakariyawo, O. S., Azeez, J. O., Olubode, A. A., Ridwan, M., Adebiyi, A., Oni, O., & Ibrahim, I. (2021). Influence of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolates in enhancing growth, phosphorus uptake and grain yield of soybean in a phosphorus deficient soil under field conditions. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 52(10), 1171-1183. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2021.1879117
Arma, M. J., Rakian, T. C., Tufaila, M., Rembon, F. S., Hisein, W. S. A., & Kandari, A. M. (2019). Propagation spores of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and rooting colonization characteristic’s on different host plants. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2019.8.1.0114
Arruda, B., Bejarano-Herrera, W. F., Rojas-García, J. C., Turner, C., & Pavinato, P. S. (2021). Cover crop species and mycorrhizal colonization on soil phosphorus dynamics. Rhizosphere, 19, 100396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2021.100396
Brito, I., Carvalho, M., & Goss, M. J. (2021). Managing the functional diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for the sustainable intensification of crop production. Plants, People, Planet, 3(5), 491-505. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10212
Burak, K., Yanardağ, İ. H., Gómez-López, M. D., Faz, Á., Yalçin, H., Sakin, E., Ramazanoğlu, E., Orak, A. B., & Yanardağ A. (2024). The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on biological activity and biochemical properties of soil under vetch growing conditions in calcareous soils. Heliyon, 10(3), e24820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24820
Chippano, T., Mendoza, R., Cofré, N., & García, I. (2022). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve legume seedling performance as the competition with conspecific neighbouring adult plants decreases. Rhizosphere, 22, 100509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2022.100509
Davison, J., García de León, D., Zobel, M., Moora, M., Bueno, C. G., Barceló, M., Gerz, M., León, D., Meng, Y., Pillar, V. D., Sepp, S. K., Soudzilovaskaia, N. A., Tedersoo, L., Vaessen, S., Vahter, T., Winck, B., & Öpik, M. (2020). Plant functional groups associate with distinct arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. New Phytologist, 226, 1117–1128. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16423
Delavaux, C. S., & Bever, J. D. (2022). Evidence for the evolution of native plant response to mycorrhizal fungi in post-agricultural grasslands. Ecology and Evolution, 12(7), e9097. Https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9097
Diagne, N., Ngom, M., Djighaly, P. I., Fall, D., Hocher, V., & Svistoonoff, S. (2020). Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Plant Growth and Performance: Importance in Biotic and Abiotic Stressed Regulation. Diversity, 12, 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12100370
García Rubido, M., Rivera Espinosa, R., Cruz Hernandez, Y., Acosta Aguiar, Y., & Ramón Cabrera, J. (2017). Respuesta de Canavalia ensiformis (L.) a la inoculación con diferentes cepas de hongo micorrízico arbuscular en un suelo FARL. Cultivos Tropicales, 38(1), 7-12.
Herath, B. M., Kalamulla, K. W. Y. R., Mayadunna, T. A. N., Perera, M. A. E. G., Jayamanna, I. K., & Yapa, P. N. (2024). Applications of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Sustainable Agricultural Systems. In: Ahammed, G.J., Hajiboland, R. (eds) Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Higher Plants. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8220-2_14
Islam, W., Zeng, F., Alotaibi, M. O., & Khan, K. A. (2024). Unlocking the potential of soil microbes for sustainable desertification management. Earth-Science Reviews, 252, 104738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104738
Jena, J., Maitra, S., Hossain, A., Pramanick, B., Gitari, H. I., Praharaj, S., Shankar, T., Palai, J. B., Rathore, A., Mandal, T. K., & Jatav, H. S. (2022). Role of legumes in cropping system for soil ecosystem improvement. Ecosystem services: types, management and benefits. Nova Science Publishers, Inc, New York, 1-22.
Kopittke, P. M., Menzies, N. W., Wang, P., McKenna, B. A., & Lombi, E. (2019). Soil and the intensification of agriculture for global food security. Environment International, 132, 105078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105078
Lanfranco, L., Fiorilli, V., & Gutjahr, C. (2018). Partner communication and role of nutrients in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. New Phytologist, 220(4), 1031–1046. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15230
Miyata, K., & Umehara, M. (2024). Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Essential Nutrient Acquisition Under Nutrient Deficiency in Plants. In: Ahammed, G.J., Hajiboland, R. (eds) Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Higher Plants. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8220-2_6
Mpongwana, S., Manyevere, A., Mupangwa, J., Mpendulo, C. T., & Mashamaite, C. V. (2023) Foliar nutrient content responses to bio-inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium on three herbaceous forage legumes. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 7, 1256717. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1256717
Nagaraj, K., Vanishree, S., & Muthukumar, T. (2021). Genotypic variation in response and dependency of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a tropical Alfisol. Plant Biosystems-An International Journal Dealing with All Aspects of Plant Biology, 155(4), 878-890. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2020.1810802
Padrón-Rodríguez, L., Arias-Mota, R. M., Medel-Ortíz, R., & la Cruz-Elizondo, D. (2020). Interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal and phosphate solubilizer fungi in Canavalia ensiformis (Fabaceae). Botanical Sciences, 98(2), 278-287. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2476
Parihar, M., Chitara, M. K. Ram, H., Kumari, A., Tiwari, G., Rana, K., Gorain, B., Kumar, U., Bisht, J. K., & Kant L. (2022). Role of AM fungi in growth promotion of high-value crops. Chapter 5. In: New and future developments in microbial biotechnology and bioengineering: Sustainable agriculture: Advances in microbe-based biostimulants. Eds. H. B. Singh, A. Vaishnav. Elsevier, 121–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85577-8.00018-4
Ríos-Ruiz, W. F., Barrios-López, L., Rojas-García, J. C., & Valdez-Nuñez, R. A. (2019). Mycotrophic capacity and diversity of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated from degraded soils. Scientia Agropecuaria, 10(1), 99-108. https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2019.01.11
Salomon, M. J., Demarmels, R., Watts-Williams, S. J., McLaughlin, M. J., Kafle, A., Ketelsen, C., Soupir, A., Bücking, H., Cavagnaro, T. R., & Van Der Heijden, M. G. A. (2022). Global evaluation of commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculants under greenhouse and field conditions. Applied Soil Ecology, 169, 104225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104225
Tawaraya, K. (2003). Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Dependency of Different Plant Species and Cultivars. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 49(5), 655–668. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2003.10410323
Wahab, A., Muhammad, M., Munir, A., Abdi, G., Zaman, W., Ayaz, A., & Khizar, C. (2023). Reddy SPP. Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Regulating Growth, Enhancing Productivity, and Potentially Influencing Ecosystems under Abiotic and Biotic Stresses. Plants, 12(17), 3102. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173102
Wu, S., Shi, Z., Huang, M., Li, Y., & Gao, J. (2023). Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Leaf N: P: K Stoichiometry in Agroecosystem. Agronomy, 13(2), 358. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020358
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Luz Elizabeth Valdiviezo-Saavedra, Winston Franz Ríos-Ruiz, José Carlos Rojas García, Diana Trace Sandoval-Flores
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Manglar is an open access journal distributed under the terms and conditions of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
