La incorporación de hidroxiapatita mejora las propiedades físicas, mecánicas, térmicas e ignífugas de los envases biodegradables a base de residuos de arroz
Abstract
Los envases biodegradables son una alternativa sostenible a los envases convencionales de plástico, pero aún presentan desventajas insalvables. Se evaluó el efecto de la incorporación de hidroxiapatita (HAp) en las propiedades físicas, mecánicas, térmicas e ignífugas de los envases biodegradables a base de cáscara de arroz. La HAp se obtuvo a partir de residuos de la industria avícola. Los envases se obtuvieron por termo-prensado utilizando 10%, 15% y 20% de fibra de cascarilla de arroz (FCA) e incorporando 0%, 1%, 3% y 5% de HAp. Se observó una reducción del 118,84% en la absorción de agua en las bandejas con un 5% de HAp en comparación con el control. Las propiedades mecánicas mejoraron en las bandejas con 1% y 5% de HAp (6,05 y 8,85 kg-f de dureza y resistencia máxima a la tracción, respectivamente). El tiempo de incineración fue de 53,27 s en bandejas con 5% de HAp; mientras que, en las bandejas de control, el tiempo medio fue de 35,16 s, además presentaron mayor estabilidad térmica. Se demostró que la incorporación de HAp en la formulación de bandejas biodegradables reduce su capacidad de absorción de agua y mejora sus propiedades térmicas e ignífugas.
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