Efecto anticoccidial de los extractos de taninos de Tara spinosa (Molina) Britton & Rose sobre la supervivencia de los ovocitos apicomplejos de Eimeria sp.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57188/manglar.2025.029Palabras clave:
Eimeria, ooquistes, aves de corral, taninos, coccidiosResumen
Se estudió un extracto acuoso de taninos hidrolizables del pericarpio de plantas de tara utilizando frutos de vainas recolectadas en las tierras altas de la región La Libertad en el norte del Perú. La presencia de taninos en el extracto se verificó mediante el uso de la prueba de tricloruro de hierro (FeCl₃) y se calculó una concentración de 45% de taninos análogos al ácido gálico utilizando un método espectrofotométrico. El extracto se aplicó sobre ooquistes vivos de Eimeria sp. presentes en la vacuna viva EVANT® (esta formulación contiene especies de coccidios con patogenicidad específica para aves de corral). Los ooquistes fueron expuestos a diez tratamientos con concentraciones aumentadas y dos controles con cinco réplicas para cada uno. La inspección microscópica se realizó regularmente después del tiempo de exposición con el objetivo de detectar la integridad de la membrana celular. Los resultados muestran que el mayor número de ooquistes afectados por los extractos se produjo a una concentración de 50000 ppm después de 48horas de exposición in vitro, por lo que sugiere que el extracto de tanino de tara tiene propiedades anticoccidiales sobre los parásitos que afectan a las aves de corral. Se recomiendan estudios adicionales para investigar el efecto de los extractos de tara sobre los ovocitos in vivo, y su eventual incorporación como ingrediente en alimentos para aves de producción avícola.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Gary León-Burgos, Carmen Marín-Tello, Roxana Mendoza-Mendocilla, Elio Castañeda-Marín, Noé Costilla-Sánchez, Jorge Vásquez-Kool
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