Fight or Flight on the Autism Spectrum: A Comparative Analysis of Primitive Reptilian Brain Mechanisms and Aggression in Nonverbal Children at Support Levels 2 and 3

Abstract

Aggressive behavior in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), particularly in nonverbal individuals with support levels 2 and 3, poses a significant challenge for parents, caregivers, and professionals. This article explores a neurobiological perspective, analyzing and comparing these aggressive manifestations with the innate fight-or-flight mechanisms of the reptilian brain. It is proposed that, in the absence of functional verbal communication and due to challenges in sensory processing and emotional regulation inherent in ASD, these individuals may resort to primitive self-protective responses when confronted with frustrations, sensory overload, or demands that they are unable to process or communicate. Understanding these behaviors through the evolutionary lens of the reptilian brain can inform more effective intervention strategies focused on reducing triggers, promoting alternative communication, and developing self-regulation skills.