Residuos de curtiembre y alternativas de aprovechamiento: Una revisión con enfoque bibliométrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57188/manglar.2025.021Palabras clave:
Economía circular, grasa, biocombustibles, colágeno, hidrogelesResumen
La presente investigación aborda alternativas para aprovechar los desechos sólidos producidos en la industria del cuero, enfocándose en la economía circular y la sostenibilidad. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de literatura científica y un análisis bibliométrico, se identificó un aumento significativo en la producción científica durante el 2011 y 2024, especialmente en el área de gestión y valorización de residuos, que abarca el 36 % de los artículos analizados. India lidera los rankings de publicaciones en volumen e impacto, por su enfoque en resolver problemas críticos de interés global, mientras que Brasil resalta por el alto promedio de citas de sus investigaciones. El mapeo de co-ocurrencia identificó tres clústeres, enfocado en los procesos bioquímicos y propiedades del cuero, impacto de los residuos y el tratamiento de los efluentes. El colágeno y grasa extraída de las carnazas y recortes de piel mediante procesos de hidrolisis y extracción asistida, se aprovechan para la obtención de biocombustibles, jabones e hidrogeles. También, se pueden obtener recurtidores, queratina, absorbentes, compost y biocarbón, a partir de los demás residuos sólidos generados en las curtiembres. Este estudio sugiere orientar futuras investigaciones hacia la valorización de residuos de curtiduría con aplicaciones en biomedicina e industria alimentaria, como biopelículas, matrices para tejidos y recubrimientos comestibles, así como en tecnologías ambientales basadas en biosorbentes, todo ello bajo un enfoque de sostenibilidad y economía circular.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Maycon Andrade, Alicia López, Juan Solano-Gaviño
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